In this week's Centre for European Reform podcast, Sander Tordoir, senior economist at the CER, joins host Octavia Hughes to discuss the EU's fiscal rules ahead of the release of his policy brief on the same subject next week. Sander explains why EU countries must have public finances that are largely aligned and the difficulties the European Commission has faced in enforcing the rules. He offers some suggestions for improving the rules and gives some insight into the proposals set out by the German government in a non-paper last week. Produced by Octavia Hughes Music by Edward Hipkins

In this week's Centre for European Reform podcast, Helmi Pillai, our (2022-23) Clara Marina O'Donnell fellow, joins our director of foreign policy, Ian Bond, to discuss hybrid threats ahead of the release of her paper on the same topic. They consider the often-disputed definitions of 'hybrid threats' and 'critical infrastructure' and the evolving story of the destruction of the Nord Stream pipelines. Helmi concludes that a whole-of-society approach is crucial for the EU if member-states are to increase their resilience to Russian hybrid threats. Produced by Octavia Hughes Music by Edward Hipkins

In this week's episode of the Centre for European Reform podcast, our director Charles Grant is joined by Catherine Barnard, Professor of EU Law and Employment Law at the University of Cambridge and Deputy Director of UK in a Changing Europe, to discuss the recently agreed Windsor Framework. Together, they delve into how the new framework modifies the previous UK-EU trade deal and its implications, examine the role of the European Court of Justice in the agreement, and explore the domestic reactions to the new agreement. Produced by Helmi Pillai and Octavia Hughes Music by Edward Hipkins

In this week's Centre for European Reform podcast, Dr Olesya Khromeychuk, historian, writer, and director of the Ukrainian Institute London and Sir Richard Shirreff, former NATO Deputy Supreme Allied Commander for Europe, join our director of foreign policy, Ian Bond, to discuss the Ukraine-Russia war. They consider how to avoid 'Ukraine fatigue' in the West, what can be learnt from Ukraine's military successes and whether Western leaders' visits to Kyiv have a practical value, or risk becoming war tourism. Olesya, Richard and Ian agreed that Britain could be providing military support more effectively and that there should be no impunity for Russian war criminals. Produced by Helmi Pillai and Octavia Hughes Music by Edward Hipkins

In this week’s episode of the Centre for European Reform podcast, we answer questions you have sent to us. Clara Marina O’Donnell fellow Helmi Pillai speaks to the head of our Brussels office Camino Mortera-Martinez and senior fellows Zach Meyers and Luigi Scazzieri. They discuss the EU’s response to the Inflation Reduction Act, Brexit’s impact on UK science and technology, Qatargate, EU migration policy, Iran's nuclear programme and the prospect of sending fighter jets to Ukraine. Produced by Helmi Pillai and Octavia Hughes Music by Edward Hipkins

In this week's episode of the Centre for European Reform podcast, the CER's deputy director John Springford and professor at King's College London Jonathan Portes discuss their report 'Early impacts of the post-Brexit immigration system on the UK labour market'. The report estimates that Brexit has led to a net shortfall of 330,000 workers in the UK, concentrated in low-skilled sectors such as transportation and hospitality. They delve into the methods used to reach this figure and debate the potential benefits and drawbacks of sector-specific immigration rules to try to reduce labour shortages. Produced by Helmi Pillai Music by Edward Hipkins

In this week’s episode of the Centre for European Reform podcast Helmi Pillai interviews John Springford about his most recent cost of Brexit analysis. John shares his estimate of the damage Brexit caused to the British economy in 2022 and explains the reasons for the negative impact. John also discusses the methodology behind his findings and responds to criticisms of his analysis. Produced by Helmi Pillai Music by Edward Hipkins

In this year’s final episode of the Centre for European Reform podcast, our researchers unpack the most significant event of the past year, Russia’s war on Ukraine. The CER’s experts analyse the impact of the war thus far and share their predictions for 2023. Ian Bond, director of foreign policy, evaluates Russia and Ukraine’s performance in the war and the Western response. Senior research fellow Luigi Scazzieri discusses the war’s impacts on European defence and enlargement. Elisabetta Cornago, senior research fellow, explains how the war has affected energy policy. Zach Meyers, senior research fellow, shares his views on the technological aspects of the war. And Charles Grant, director of the CER, gives his insights on the war’s broader geopolitical implications.

In this week’s episode of the CER podcast, Camino Mortera-Martinez, head of our Brussels office, and Sander Tordoir, senior economist at the CER, explain the escalating conflict between Hungary and the EU. They discuss the EU’s strategies for tackling democratic backsliding and corruption in Hungary, and cast light on the politics and economics of Hungary’s frozen EU funds. Produced by Helmi Pillai and Rosie Giorgi Music by Edward Hipkins

In this week’s Centre for European Reform podcast, John Springford, our deputy director, and Sander Tordoir, senior economist at the CER, discuss the EU’s fiscal rules. They consider why the rules matter, what their shortcomings are, and weigh up the European Commission’s proposal for tweaking the current fiscal rulebook. Produced by Helmi Pillai and Rosie Giorgi Music by Edward Hipkins