Margaret Hamburg is an internationally recognized leader in public health and medicine, where she is known for advancing regulatory science and modernizing regulatory pathways. From 2009-2015 she served as the 21st Commissioner of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. She was also the founding vice president and senior scientist at the Nuclear Threat Initiative, a foundation dedicated to reducing nuclear, chemical and biological threats. Other positions have included Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation (HHS), Health Commissioner for New York City, and Assistant Director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease.