Exploring Kodawari

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Exploring Kodawariinactive

Publisher |: Exploring Kodawari

Media Type |: audio

Podknife tags |: Music,; Self-Help,; Society & Culture

Categories Via RSS |: Education,; Music,; Music Interviews,; Self-Improvement,; Society & Culture

We are two classical musicians exploring the many manifestations of kodawari in the world.

Kodawari is a beautiful concept word from Japanese. Although difficult to translate succinctly, kodawari essentially means pursuing perfection in a craft. It is the pursuit of an ideal even though you realize you can’t arrive there.

Kodawari is what drives musicians to spend countless hours in the practice room. It motivates a chef to make the perfect meal, a writer to suffer over their words, and a barista to craft the perfect drink.

But it is also an approach to life. We want to read books, interview people, discuss topics, and discover amazing content that will keep our kodawari fire burning.

It is our excuse to continue growing as musicians and as people, and we hope that you'll join us!

https://exploringkodawari.blog/about-kodawari/

Premiere Date |: 2020-06-13
Related Hashtags |: #InternationalPodcastDay
Frequency |: Periodic
Explicit |: No

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41 Available Episodes (41 Total) / Average duration: 01:07:39

Date Duration Most Reviewed Highest Rated

41 Available Episodes (41 Total)Average duration: 01:07:39

Mar 05, 2023

00:39:50

In this episode—especially since it has been so long since our last one—we decided to revisit the concept of kodawari and how it has changed for us over the three years of doing this podcast/blog.

Over time we encounter more knowledge and have more life experiences. And as we attempt to integrate those into a coherent life philosophy, our ideas about life change and update. I believe we have a duty to regularly bring a beginner's mind to our ideas so that we can "rediscover" them with novelty.

There is something cyclic to the way that we descend into a more chaotic state of confusion and then emerge from it by finding once again our deep truths with freshness in the present moment. This cyclic process can subtly or drastically update our ideas, making them more personal, genuine, valuable, and "true".

So since we are very different people than when we started the podcast three years ago, we felt it would be good to revisit the meaning of kodawari with fresh eyes. We especially lean into the uncompromising element of kodawari and why our society needs more "skillful inflexibility" to continue functioning.

Timestamps:

[04:36] Why are we revisiting the meaning of kodawari?
[09:09] How has kodawari changed for us?
[12:12] What are we uncompromising about?
[20:41] Rethinking how perfection fits into kodawari
[23:11] Why humility is crucial
[26:32] Limitations of the intellect and Chekhov’s The Seagull
[32:59] Our official 2023 definition of kodawari

Support Us:

You can always support us by leaving a rating or review in your podcasting app. You can also share our episodes with friends on social media.

But it does take a lot of time to put together a podcast, maintain a website, and write new content every week. So if you would like to support us in a more substantial way, consider making a donation through the PayPal buttons on our website:

https://exploringkodawari.blog/donation/

The topic of this episode is happiness and hedonic adaptation, otherwise known as the hedonic treadmill. Hedonic adaptation is a phenomenon of our psychology and physiology that keeps us at a stable level of happiness over time. This adaptation is like an immune system that desensitizes us in relation to negative and positive experiences, making us continually find our happiness baseline.

The Hedonic Treadmill

The concept of hedonic adaptation dates back to a 1971 paper by Philip Brickman and Donald T. Campbell called "Hedonic Relativism and Planning the Good Society", and it was made even more famous in a 1978 study called "Lottery Winners and Accident Victims: Is Happiness Relative?" The study compared lottery winners and paraplegics with a control group to show that both groups eventually adjusted and returned to a baseline of happiness.

The hedonic treadmill, or happiness treadmill, is named as such because no matter how much you chase happiness and increase it in the short term, you end up in the same place continually chasing. The hedonic pathways in our brains become desensitized to pleasurable things that we encounter regularly. So after big life events like winning the lottery, getting a job promotion, getting married, etc, we will tend to settle back to our happiness set point.

The Meaning of Happiness

Aside from the science of hedonic adaptation, we also talked about the philosophy of happiness and whether it is a good goal in life. How is happiness different from words like joy, pleasure, tranquility, peacefulness, excitement, satisfaction, content, cheerful, or well-being?

Is happiness something we get from the external world or does it come from within? Do we seek happiness or are we really running away from suffering? And what is the difference between a meaningful life and a happy life?

Solutions to the Hedonic Treadmill

“Now and then it’s good to pause in our pursuit of happiness and just be happy.” —Guillaume Apollinaire

Lastly, we talked about ways to overcome hedonic adaptation so that we do not continually get caught in the same traps throughout life. Routines such as a dopamine detox and spiritual practices like gratitude and Beginner's Mind are all ways to avoid getting stuck on the hedonic treadmill.

Timestamps:

[06:08] What is happiness?
[10:05] What is the difference between happiness and well-being?
[15:28] Dopamine
[27:57] What is hedonic adaptation?
[35:14] Hedonic adaptation towards negative phenomena
[39:23] How to combat the hedonic treadmill
[50:40] Why negative emotions are necessary

Support Us:

You can always support us by leaving a rating or review in your podcasting app. You can also share our episodes with friends on social media.

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In this episode, we explore the art of orchestral conducting with guest Chad Goodman. Chad is currently the conducting fellow of the New World Symphony in Miami Beach, and he has also had fellowships at Festival Napa Valley and the Atlantic Music Festival. Since 2018, he has served as an assistant conductor to the San Francisco Symphony, and he also founded Elevate Ensemble in the Bay Area.

Chad is also a good friend of ours, and so we used this conversation as an opportunity to get a more personal take on how orchestral conducting works and how a conductor thinks about music and prepares for concerts. We talked about music interpretation, the role of a conductor, communication, and how to unify a large group. We also talked about the beauty of constantly learning and improving and how outside knowledge helps unlock the secrets within a musical score.

And lastly, aside from the more obvious sign language elements to orchestral conducting, we also tried to touch on abstract elements such as body language, eye contact, and energy. Some musical performances capture magical energy, and we wondered how a conductor thinks about that and how they try to cultivate that energy.

Timestamps:

[05:17] What exactly is orchestral conducting?
[10:22] At what size does an ensemble need a conductor?
[15:21] What makes conducting break down /not work?
[25:05] How is kodawari relevant to conducting and what is perfection?
[32:29] Why is music meaningful?
[38:06] How does outside knowledge affect the interpretation/conducting of music?
[48:52] On why learning never ends
[56:07] Communication and the sign language of conducting
[01:02:24] Bonus Questions/Speed Round

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You can always support us by leaving a rating or review in your podcasting app. You can also share our episodes with friends on social media.

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"Written fifteen years ago, in 1940, amid the French and European disaster, this book declares that even within the limits of nihilism it is possible to find the means to proceed beyond nihilism. In all the books I have written since, I have attempted to pursue this direction. Although “The Myth of Sisyphus” poses mortal problems, it sums itself up for me as a lucid invitation to live and to create, in the very midst of the desert." —Albert Camus

This episode is part two of our exploration of nihilism and the search for meaning in life—be sure to check out the previous episode to hear the first half of this conversation. But in this episode, we try to overcome the meaning crisis induced by nihilism to find a more durable sense of meaning in life.

We also try to figure out what meaning even is. Is it possible to define meaning? Or is it something more implicit and instinctual? And finally, we close out the episode by exploring the philosophy of Absurdism as outlined by Camus in The Myth of Sisyphus. As Camus states:

"The struggle itself towards the heights is enough to fill a man's heart. One must imagine Sisyphus happy."

For a more thorough exploration of this topic, check out our article below:

Overcoming Nihilism: Why Meaning Matters And How To Find It

Timestamps:

[04:50] Why you should contend with nihilism and camp in that perspective
[08:20] What is meaning?
[12:50] The meaning of the movie It's a Wonderful Life and why it makes people cry
[19:00] Meaning as service to others and assuming that Being is good
[21:05] Meaning as a surrender of the intellect
[26:40] Meaning as pointing (Kevin Simler's A Nihilist's Guide to Meaning)
[29:19] Albert Camus, Absurdism, and The Myth of Sisyphus
[39:30] How to bring someone back from a nihilistic place

Support Us:

You can always support us by leaving a rating or review in your podcasting app. You can also share our episodes with friends on social media.

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This episode, Part 1 of our exploration of nihilism, gets into the justifications for nihilism and why it's important to give nihilism its due as a philosophy. We discuss Nietzsche and existential nihilism as well as the playful cosmic nihilism of people like Alan Watts or Kurt Vonnegut. We also explore whether or not nihilism is on the rise, and how it might be influencing political movements around the world. In Part 2, coming out shortly after this, we talk about how to overcome nihilism to find a more durable sense of meaning to life. For a more thorough exploration of this topic, you can read our article: Overcoming Nihilism: Why Meaning Matters And How To Find It

Timestamps:

[05:15] What is nihilism?
[07:12] Cosmic nihilism and Carl Sagan's Pale Blue Dot
[11:57] Nietzsche and existential nihilism
[19:30] What is the opposite of being nihilistic?
[22:23] Is nihilism on the rise?
[26:07] Nihilism and moral relativism in social justice movements and "woke" ideology
[34:03] The trap of ideology

What Is Nihilism?

Nihilism is a philosophy that more or less states that human life has no intrinsic meaning or value. There are different forms of nihilism—moral, cosmic, political, existential, etc—that each has interesting details and histories. But since Exploring Kodwari is more about approaching self-development with the kodawari energy, we were less interested in the academic side of nihilism and more interested in the personal/psychological way that we all wrestle with nihilistic thoughts. Some people are explicitly nihilistic, but it seems more common for people to implicitly/subconsciously succumb to nihilism. Maybe it is a way to cope with the challenges of life or maybe it is a problem of the intellect and rationalism going too far. Probably, each person's struggle with nihilism is slightly different. But our claim in this episode (and Part 2) is that you can find the most durable sense of meaning in life after properly contending with nihilism.

Support Us:

You can always support us by leaving a rating or review in your podcasting app. You can also share our episodes with friends on social media. But it does take a lot of time to put together a podcast, maintain a website, and write new content every week. So if you would like to support us in a more substantial way, consider making a donation through the PayPal buttons on our website: exploringkodawari.blog/donation/

What is metacognition? Metacognition is a modern term coined in 1979 by the American developmental psychologist John H. Flavell. He defined it as “cognition about cognitive phenomena,” or “thinking about thinking”. But the concept of metacognition has been around long before that in philosophy. "Meta", meaning beyond or above, signals that metacognition is a form of thinking above our usual cognitive processes. And in this podcast episode, we work through the varying layers of metacognition and meta-awareness and how metacognitive skills can make us better learners and better people.

Timestamps:

[04:45] What is metacognition?
[08:25] Examining how you learn
[12:33] The bird's eye view and how metacognitive therapy can help with depression
[17:07] Metacogni-ception: the layers of metacognition
[19:27] Mindfulness, Meta-awareness, and mind wandering
[28:00] What is the difference between meditation and mindfulness?
[30:05] Modular model of the mind and the importance of embracing contradiction
[40:44] Camping and de-camping between viewpoints/opinions
[47:39] The Elephant in the Brain

What Is Metacognition?

There are multiple levels to understanding what metacognition is. On a basic level, metacognition happens anytime you assess the methods and strategies involved in your thinking processes. These lower-level metacognitive strategies occur anytime you evaluate your particular learning processes—your strengths, weaknesses, and style of learning—and use that knowledge for more successful learning. But on a deeper level, you can achieve meta-awareness (aka mindfulness), which is a true detachment from the mind. And science is increasingly showing that meta-awareness not only leads to more successful learning but that it also increases our feeling of well-being in the world.

Metacognition And Learning Strategies

Metacognition is an amazing tool for both students and teachers. When solving tasks and processing new information, metacognitive knowledge tells us what learning strategies are most likely to work. When teaching, you should encourage students to evaluate how their minds work and explain what learning strategies gave them the best outcomes in the past. Some people learn best visually, and some people learn best aurally. Others need to physically participate in a task for comprehension to occur. As learners, we should regularly make an evaluation of our cognitive processes, especially our weaknesses, and practice the particular strategies that are most successful. Whether you are teaching students or a learner yourself, metacognitive strategies give you the ability to control your learning and progress. Throughout the various learning contexts, watch your thinking take place from above it to find out what parts of your cognition lead to the best outcomes. And remember that metacognition is a skill, which means figuring it out will get easier the more you practice it.

Meta-awareness And Mindfulness

In one sense, the instruction for mindfulness and meta-awareness is pretty simple: sit down and observe your mind from a distance. Jon Kabat-Zinn, who developed mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR), defined mindful awareness as the "awareness that arises through paying attention, on purpose, in the present moment, non-judgementally". And even though it sounds easy on the surface, avoiding mind wandering for even a few breaths is insanely difficult. Most of the time, we fail to achieve meta-awareness or mindfulness because we are lost in thought. And most students are never even taught this concept or the skills you can practice to develop meta-awareness. The first layer is to become aware of thoughts, body sensations, and emotions arising in the present moment. But on a deeper level, meta-awareness makes a lower-level object out of awareness itself. You become that which is aware. When people are taught the appropriate strategies in mindfulness and meta-awareness, they develop the ability to detach from their mental phenomena. Research by John D. Teasdale, linked below, shows that the metacognitive skills discussed in this episode allow patients to switch from thoughts like "I am depressed" to "I am aware of my depressive thoughts".

Conclusion

What is metacognition? Hopefully, after hearing this episode you'll realize that it is much more than a learning strategy or a trick you can use in the classroom. At a deeper level, it will allow you to get to know yourself and become a better person. Spending time in metacognitive space allows you to detach from opinions and emotions and embrace the contradictions that exist in every single mind. It will make you kinder to yourself and others! **Click here for our more in-depth article: Metacognition: The Bird's Eye View of the Mind**

What is Metacognition: Scientific Resources

Meta-Cognition in Mindfulness: A Conceptual Analysis-Dilwar Hussain
Reconstructing and deconstructing the self: cognitive mechanisms in meditation practice-Cortland J. Dahl
Metacognitive model of mindfulness-Jankowski, T
Metacognitive awareness and prevention of relapse in depression: Empirical evidence-Teasdale, J. D

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"Many of us have been persuaded that happiness is something that someone else, a therapist or a politician, must confer on us. Stoicism rejects this notion. It teaches us that we are very much responsible for our happiness as well as our unhappiness. It also teaches us that it is only when we assume responsibility for our happiness that we will have a reasonable chance of gaining it. This, to be sure, is a message that many people, having been indoctrinated by therapists and politicians, don't want to hear." —William Irvine, A Guide to the Good Life

In this episode, we dig deeper into the philosophy of Stoicism and work through some of the specific psychological techniques and exercises that will help you to adopt the Stoic viewpoint.

We also try to connect the growing popularity of Stoicism to the rise of victimhood culture over the last twenty years. As we said in the previous episode, Understanding Stoicism as a Philosophy of Life, much of Stoicism can be summed up by the psychological difference between viewing something as a blessing or as a curse.

Timestamps:

[04:18] Negative visualization: The trick for appreciating what you already have
[13:07] The Dichotomy of Control and how to more strategically set goals
[17:44] Trans Life Meditation
[19:14] The Last Time Meditation
[22:04] The Storytelling Frame
[22:59] The Stoic Test
[25:33] Prospective Retrospection
[29:41] Summarizing Stoic beliefs and techniques in comparison to today's growing victim culture
[33:18] "Tranquility in the Storm": Julius Canus and following through on your philosophy of life

Support Us:

You can always support us by leaving a rating or review in your podcasting app. You can also share our episodes with friends on social media.

https://exploringkodawari.blog/donation/

Timestamps:

[04:11] What is Stoicism? Zeno of Citium and the beginnings of Stoicism to the Roman Stoicism centuries later
[09:12] What is a philosophy of life?
[16:26] The basic Stoic beliefs and assumptions
[26:00] Definition of Stoicism in relation to the victim culture of today's society
[31:40] Ataraxia/Tranquility: the grand goal of Stoicism
[38:19] Epictetus and the dichotomy of control
[45:13] Epictetus and the art of acquiescence

What is Stoicism?

So what is Stoicism? What are the Stoic beliefs and principles that can lead to a good life? The meaning of Stoicism can be expressed in many ways, but in essence, it is the difference between viewing something as a blessing or as a curse. It is realizing that the obstacles in life don't obstruct our path—they are the path. Marcus Aurelius, in one of his more famous Stoicism quotes, echoed this by saying the following:

"The impediment to action advances action. What stands in the way becomes the way".

Author and advocate for Stoicism Ryan Holiday, founder of the Daily Stoic, wrote a book centered on this concept called The Obstacle Is the Way. Instead of victimizing ourselves when we have difficulties, we can see it as the very thing that advances us forward and makes us grow. As Marcus Aurelius says, this framing of events is what allows us to logically see challenges as blessings:

“So remember this principle when something threatens to cause you pain: the thing itself was no misfortune at all; to endure it and prevail is great good fortune.”

We often cannot control external events, but we can always control our internal framing of those events. Stoicism calls this the art of acquiescence, and it is how we bring ourselves into harmony with nature, with what is. While more difficult, this includes accepting the challenges and tragedies of life, even our own death. In fact, Stoic beliefs and techniques centered around learning how to reframe events that happen to you in this more positive framing of a blessing. Stoicism philosophers (so-called Stoics) include famous Greek names like Zeno, Cleanthes, and Chrysippus as well as even more famous Roman names such Seneca, Epictetus, and Marcus Aurelius. It is the Roman Stoicism, especially the famous Stoicism quotes by Marcus Aurelius, that serve as the foundation for this episode. For a more in-depth guide to Stoic beliefs, you can read our full article that corresponds to this episode: **Stoicism as a Philosophy of Life** And look out for Part 2 for our episode that takes these Stoic beliefs and transforms them into specific techniques.

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In the episode, we talk about what it is like to be a musician in a top-tier orchestra, and how she maintains her technique, artistry, and inspiration. We also talk about the things outside of music that a musician must do to be their best self, especially the importance of being quiet and going within yourself so that you can better share your art with others.

And of course, we talk about the grueling audition process required to get a job like this and some tips that she has for getting better at auditions and other high-pressure situations.

It was definitely a bit of a music-geeky episode, but still, it is a conversation anyone can enjoy and get something out of, even if you're not a musician!

**Click here to watch the Youtube video for this episode**

Timestamps:

[02:08] Katherine's background and how she got started with violin
[04:05] The interconnectedness of all the arts and how they complement each other
[06:04] Was there a moment of inspiration when Katherine knew she wanted to be a musician?
[15:19] Why Richard Strauss's Der Rosenkavalier Suite is Katherine's favorite piece
[20:10] How has Katherine's relationship with music changed throughout her life/career?
[24:40] The importance of establishing routines
[29:04] How to play emotionally and be engaged with the music while also being technically accurate
[34:19] The value of being well-rounded and knowing more than just your musical part
[40:27] The problem of hedonic adaptation, especially how it affects musicians
[45:45] The different personality types between instruments
[48:50] Audition advice
[53:42] Bonus questions

Support Us:

You can always support us by leaving a rating or review in your podcasting app. You can also share our episodes with friends on social media.

https://exploringkodawari.blog/donation/

In short, mental models are ways of thinking that help to simplify the world. They block out the noise so that we can better pay attention to the signal. And the most fundamental mental model—the most fundamental way of categorizing and understanding the world—is understanding the dichotomy of chaos and order.

Episode Timestamps:

[04:00] Mental frameworks/models and how they help us think and understand the world
[05:15] Why chaos and order is the ultimate mental framework
[09:47] What is a good definition or some examples of chaos?
[14:48] The duality of life and death
[18:30] The light vs. the dark in storytelling (Star Wars, Marvel movies, Harry Potter, etc)
[23:42] The delusion of anger and the hemispheric structure of the brain
[31:57] Why chaos is represented by serpents and why a garden is the perfect balance of chaos and order
[41:53] Why is chaos mythologically feminine and order masculine?
[54:24] The big five personality traits (OCEAN) and political orientation (aka why the left fears pathologies of order and the right pathologies of chaos)
[01:05:21] Chaos and time: Beethoven's 5th Symphony, Mahler's 5th Symphony, and why the crocodile in Peter Pan swallowed a clock.
[01:09:45] Why the ideal musical performance involves one foot in order and one in chaos.

Chaos and Order:

When we analyze reality, we differentiate it into categories—we put boundaries between things. And making a division between chaos and order is the most fundamental categorization that we can make—it is the highest level of abstraction that you can represent reality with.

When we are in order, things are happening as we expect. The car starts when we turn the key, our bodies stay healthy, and the people you know behave as they should. In order, we have low anxiety because we are in the domain of the known. Our models of reality are matching up with what we see in the environment.

When we are in chaos, however, we get hit with the unexpected. Things around us aren't working as we thought they should, and the complexity of the world comes flooding in. In chaos, we are in the domain of the unknown, and it gives us high anxiety that our model of reality must be wrong/too simple.

And this dichotomy between chaos and order is even mirrored in the hemispheric structure of our brains, as outlined in Dr. Iain McGilchrist's book The Master and His Emissary: The Divided Brain and the Making of the Western World. Generally, the right hemisphere deals with chaos(the unknown/the exception to the rules) and the left hemisphere with order (the known/the rules).

And of course, mythologically, the chaos and order duality is represented by the famous Chinese symbol of Yin and Yang.

Yin and Yang:

In this famous symbol, the white snake represents order while the black snake represents chaos. In mythological terms, order is represented as masculine (father culture) while chaos is represented as feminine (mother nature).

The key takeaway from the Yin and Yang symbol is that, like all dualities, both parts require the other to exist. If there was no contrasting black color, you could not even see the white snake (and vice versa). Many forms of spiritual awakening, like the Alan Watts video linked below, hinge on the realization that these dualities can are mutually dependent.

And of course, the other takeaway from the Yin and Yang symbol is that the white snake's eye is black and the black snake's eye is white. This represents the possibility of transformation—inside order is the potential for chaos and inside chaos the potential for order.

Conclusion:

We will be expanding this mental framework into a full article in the future. But for now, enjoy this more conversational style exploration about chaos and order, the most fundamental mental model of reality.

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The Hedonic Treadmill

The Meaning of Happiness

Solutions to the Hedonic Treadmill

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What Is Nihilism?

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What Is Metacognition?

Metacognition And Learning Strategies

Meta-awareness And Mindfulness

Conclusion

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What is Metacognition: Scientific Resources

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What is Stoicism?

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