Learn about what Neanderthal genes might be doing in your DNA; Guido d’Arezzo, the 11th-century Benedictine monk who invented “Do, Re, Mi” notation, or solfège; and how photosynthesis killed off 99 percent of life on Earth during the the Great Oxygenation Event.

How Neanderthal genes might be influencing your skin, mood, and immune system by Andrea Michelson

• Genetic data on half a million Brits reveal ongoing evolution and Neanderthal legacy. (2019, January 3). Genetic data on half a million Brits reveal ongoing evolution and Neanderthal legacy. Science | AAAS. https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2019/01/genetic-data-half-million-brits-reveal-ongoing-evolution-and-neanderthal-legacy
• Modern humans inherited viral defenses from Neanderthals. (2018, October 4). Phys.org. 10-modern-humans-inherited-viral-defenses.html">https://phys.org/news/2018-10-modern-humans-inherited-viral-defenses.html
• Akst, J. (2019, September). Neanderthal DNA in Modern Human Genomes Is Not Silent. The Scientist Magazine. scientist.com/features/neanderthal-dna-in-modern-human-genomes-is-not-silent-66299">https://www.the-scientist.com/features/neanderthal-dna-in-modern-human-genomes-is-not-silent-66299
• Smithsonian’s National Museum of Natural History. (2010, March). Homo neanderthalensis. The Smithsonian Institution’s Human Origins Program. https://humanorigins.si.edu/evidence/human-fossils/species/homo-neanderthalensis

"Do, Re, Mi" Notation Was Invented by One Man 1,000 Years Ago by Reuben Westmaas

• Guido d’Arezzo | Italian musician | Britannica. (2020). In Encyclopædia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Guido-dArezzo-Italian-musician
• Liturgical Year : Activities : Hymn: Ut queant laxis (text). (2011). Catholicculture.org. https://www.catholicculture.org/culture/liturgicalyear/activities/view.cfm?id=1128
• Reisenweaver, A.J. (2012). Guido of Arezzo and His Influence on Music Learning. https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Guido-of-Arezzo-and-His-Influence-on-Music-Learning-Reisenweaver/bf534cc325162c9503f586bbd8d744ee5e7b37e4
• Magill, F. N., Aves, A. (1998). Dictionary of World Biography: The Middle Ages. https://books.google.com/books?id=CurSh3Sh_KMC&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q&f=false

The time that photosynthesis killed off 99% of life on Earth by Cameron Duke

• Kendall, B. (2013, March 18). Earth’s oxygen revolution. Wat on Earth. https://uwaterloo.ca/wat-on-earth/news/earths-oxygen-revolution
• Great Oxidation Event: More oxygen through multicellularity. (2013). ScienceDaily. https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/01/130117084856.htm
• Marshall, M. (2009). Timeline: The evolution of life. New Scientist. https://www.newscientist.com/article/dn17453-timeline-the-evolution-of-life/
• Plait, P. (2014, July 28). When a Species Poisons an Entire Planet. Slate Magazine. great-oxygenation-event-the-earths-first-mass-extinction.html">https://slate.com/technology/2014/07/the-great-oxygenation-event-the-earths-first-mass-extinction.html
• Tarlach, G. (2018, July 19). The Five Mass Extinctions That Have Swept Our Planet. Discover Magazine. https://www.discovermagazine.com/the-sciences/mass-extinctions

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Find episode transcript here: daily-4e53644e.simplecast.com/episodes/what-neanderthal-genes-are-doing-in-your-dna-the-time-photosynthesis-killed-nearly-all-life-on-earth-and-the-inventor-of-do-re-mi-notation">https://curiosity-daily-4e53644e.simplecast.com/episodes/what-neanderthal-genes-are-doing-in-your-dna-the-time-photosynthesis-killed-nearly-all-life-on-earth-and-the-inventor-of-do-re-mi-notation