Podknife - 447: Big Bacteria Bank Behaviors by BacterioFiles

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447: Big Bacteria Bank Behaviors

Podcast |: BacterioFiles
Publisher |: American Society for Microbiology
Media Type |: audio
Podknife tags |: Natural Sciences,; Science & Medicine
Categories Via RSS |: Life Sciences,; Science
Publication Date |: Feb 08, 2021
Episode Duration |: 00:12:41

This episode: Giant bacteria with many chromosomes in each cell carry extra genes to help them live in many different environments!

Download Episode (8.7 MB, 12.7 minutes) Show notes: Microbe of the episode: Propionibacterium virus SKKY

11-giant-aquatic-bacterium-master.html">News item

Takeaways

We think of bacteria a certain way: too small to see and having mostly just a single large chromosome with all the genes they need for their lifestyle and not much more. And most bacteria are like that. But not all! Giant bacteria exist, some of which can be so large that individual cells can be seen without a microscope.

Achromatium species are one such kind of bacteria. They form clumps of minerals that take up most of their internal volume, but their cells are big enough to see and handle. In order to supply all parts of their vast innards with proteins, they have many copies of their chromosome distributed throughout their cytoplasm.

In this study, a survey of Achromatium genomes from all different kinds of ecosystem revealed that even different species in very different environments all seem to share one set of genetic functions, but only use the ones they need for their particular lifestyle while archiving the rest.

Journal Paper: Ionescu D, Zoccarato L, Zaduryan A, Schorn S, Bizic M, Pinnow S, Cypionka H, Grossart H-P. Heterozygous, Polyploid, Giant Bacterium, Achromatium, Possesses an Identical Functional Inventory Worldwide across Drastically Different Ecosystems. Mol Biol Evol https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msaa273.